Nilaparvata lugens adults occur in macropterous (long-winged) and brachypterous (short-winged) forms. The macropterous form is about 3.5 – 4.5 mm in length. The body is brown, and the wings are transparent, with very conspicuous veins. Young nymphs are white, but they gradually become darker in older instars. Both nymphs and adults penetrate the tissues of their rice host plants with their piercing-sucking mouthparts in order to ingest phloem-sap. Loss of nutrients and obstruction of vessels cause yellowing of lInsecticide Resistance…
Tsetse flies are robust flies ranging from 6 to 15mm in length with a passing resemblance to house flies. There are 23 species belonging to the genus Glossina, all found only in Africa south of the Sahara. They can be distinguished from other flies by looking at their wings, which lay completely over each other at rest, and have a characteristic shaped pattern of wing venation, with a “cell” in the centre of their wings in the shape of a…
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