The Sucking Pest WG was formed in 2008 to develop and disseminate IRM strategies for major sucking pests of global importance. It is recognised that this is a broad remit given the range of crops and pests, but by focusing on specific areas, the team is convinced that it can deliver strategies for key pests such as whiteflies, aphids and thrips, before moving on to consider other groups. The Sucking Pest WG absorbed the earlier Neonicotinoid WG in 2009…
(Download the information as a pdf file) Overview of Insect Resistance Monitoring for Insecticides: Factors Impacting the Design and Implementation of Resistance Monitoring Program Background The development of insecticide (and acaricide) resistance in insect/mite pests is an evolutionary process in response to the selection pressure imposed by use of insecticides to manage pest populations. The first insect resistance case was documented in the US to an inorganic insecticide (sulfur-lime) as early as in 1914. Currently, for almost every class…
The availability of standard, validated and easy-to-run methods for resistance detection in the world’s major insect pests is crucial for successful monitoring of resistance problems. The IRAC Methods Team has worked to develop, validate and collate approved methods and make these available via the IRAC website and the online tool, eMethods. The work of the Methods Team involves interaction with other IRAC Teams and Working Groups as well as cooperation with external experts in academia and institutes. The Methods…
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The Public Health Team was formed in 2006 to continue the work initiated by the previous IRAC Vector Team and has the extended remit covering hygiene pests as well as vectors. Most of the efforts have focused on forming links with key groups working in the vector control area (WHO, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation BMGF and Innovative Vector Control Consortium IVCC). A key IRAC publication “Prevention and Management of Insecticide Resistance in Vectors and Pests of Public Health…
This pest profile covers two species of Aedes mosquitoes – Aedes aegypti, the Yellow fever mosquito and Aedes albopictus, the Tiger mosquito, (sometimes classified by subgenus, Stegomyia aegypti and Stegomyia albopictus.) These two species are responsible for the transmission of dengue fever, yellow fever and chikungunya. Aedes aegypti on the left and Aedes albopictus on the right. Note the different thorax markings (Courtesy of CDC). Click for further details on the species difference Dengue fever is a viral disease…
Black fly are true flies from the family Simuliidae in the order Diptera. Female Black flies feed on blood and are the scourge of many river banks. They are found almost globally, from the tropics to the Arctic tundra. Black fly are small stocky flies, 2 to 5 mm in length, black or dark brown in colour. They are always associated with running water, in which the larvae live, filter feeding on organic matter. The adults are strong fliers and…
Of the approximately 460 species of Anopheline mosquitoes known, over 100 can transmit the plasmodia which cause malaria. However, only 30–40 species commonly transmit malaria to humans. Malaria, transmitted by Anopheline mosquitoes, is responsible globally for the deaths of around 1 million people each year. Some species of Anopheles can also act as the vectors of the filariasis causing parasites, Wucheria bancrofti and Brugia malayi. They are also implicated in the transmission of some arboviruses including West Nile Virus,…