Modes of action are colour-coded according to the physiological functions affected. This informs the symptomology, speed of action and other properties of the actives therein and not for any resistance management purpose. Base rotations for resistance management on the mode of action number only.
- Nerve & Muscle Most current nematicides act on nerve and muscle targets. Nematicides that act on these targets are generally fast acting.
- Growth Nematode development is controlled by juvenile hormone and ecdysone, by directly perturbing cuticle formation/deposition or lipid biosynthesis. Such nematode growth regulators are generally slow to moderately slow acting.
- Respiration Several nematicides are known to interfere with mitochondrial respiration by the inhibition of electron transport and/or oxidative phosphorylation. Such nematicides are generally fast to moderately fast acting.
- Midgut Lepidopteran-specific microbial toxins that are sprayed or expressed in transgenic crop varieties.
- Unknown or Non-Specific Several insecticides are known to affect less well-described target-sites or functions, or to act non-specifically on multiple targets.